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The ALTER USER statement can be used to add, change, or remove a user's password and to change the role options for a user.
You can use the keywords ROLE and USER interchangeably. ALTER USER is an alias for ALTER ROLE.
Considerations
- Password creation and alteration is supported only in secure clusters.
Required privileges
To alter other users, the user must be a member of the admin role or have the CREATEROLE role option.
Synopsis
See ALTER ROLE: Synopsis.
Parameters
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
name |
The name of the user whose password or role options to alter. |
Role options
| Role option | Description |
|---|---|
CANCELQUERY/NOCANCELQUERY |
Deprecated in v22.2: Use the CANCELQUERY system privilege. Allow or disallow a role to cancel queries and sessions of other roles. Without this role option, roles can only cancel their own queries and sessions. Even with the CANCELQUERY role option, non-admin roles cannot cancel admin queries or sessions. This option should usually be combined with VIEWACTIVITY so that the role can view other roles' query and session information. By default, the role option is set to NOCANCELQUERY for all non-admin roles. |
CONTROLCHANGEFEED/NOCONTROLCHANGEFEED |
Deprecated in v23.1: Use the CHANGEFEED privilege. Allow or disallow a role to run CREATE CHANGEFEED on tables they have SELECT privileges on. By default, the role option is set to NOCONTROLCHANGEFEED for all non-admin roles. |
CONTROLJOB/NOCONTROLJOB |
Allow or disallow a role to pause, resume, and cancel jobs. Non-admin roles cannot control jobs created by admin roles. By default, the role option is set to NOCONTROLJOB for all non-admin roles. |
CREATEDB/NOCREATEDB |
Allow or disallow a role to create or rename a database. The role is assigned as the owner of the database. By default, the role option is set to NOCREATEDB for all non-admin roles. |
CREATELOGIN/NOCREATELOGIN |
Allow or disallow a role to manage authentication using the WITH PASSWORD, VALID UNTIL, and LOGIN/NOLOGIN role options. By default, the role option is set to NOCREATELOGIN for all non-admin roles. |
CREATEROLE/NOCREATEROLE |
Allow or disallow the new role to create, alter, and drop other non-admin roles. By default, the role option is set to NOCREATEROLE for all non-admin roles. |
LOGIN/NOLOGIN |
Allow or disallow a role to log in with one of the client authentication methods. Setting the role option to NOLOGIN prevents the role from logging in using any authentication method. |
MODIFYCLUSTERSETTING/NOMODIFYCLUSTERSETTING |
Allow or disallow a role to modify the cluster settings with the sql.defaults prefix. By default, the role option is set to NOMODIFYCLUSTERSETTING for all non-admin roles. |
PASSWORD password/PASSWORD NULL |
The credential the role uses to authenticate their access to a secure cluster. A password should be entered as a string literal. For compatibility with PostgreSQL, a password can also be entered as an identifier. To prevent a role from using password authentication and to mandate certificate-based client authentication, set the password as NULL. |
SQLLOGIN/NOSQLLOGIN |
Deprecated in v22.2: Use the NOSQLLOGIN system privilege. Allow or disallow a role to log in using the SQL CLI with one of the client authentication methods. The role option to NOSQLLOGIN prevents the role from logging in using the SQL CLI with any authentication method while retaining the ability to log in to DB Console. It is possible to have both NOSQLLOGIN and LOGIN set for a role and NOSQLLOGIN takes precedence on restrictions. Without any role options all login behavior is permitted. |
VALID UNTIL |
The date and time (in the timestamp format) after which the password is not valid. |
VIEWACTIVITY/NOVIEWACTIVITY |
Deprecated in v22.2: Use the VIEWACTIVITY system privilege. Allow or disallow a role to see other roles' queries and sessions using SHOW STATEMENTS, SHOW SESSIONS, and the Statements and Transactions pages in the DB Console. VIEWACTIVITY also permits visibility of node hostnames and IP addresses in the DB Console. With NOVIEWACTIVITY, the SHOW commands show only the role's own data, and DB Console pages redact node hostnames and IP addresses.By default, the role option is set to NOVIEWACTIVITY for all non-admin roles. |
VIEWCLUSTERSETTING / NOVIEWCLUSTERSETTING |
Deprecated in v22.2: Use the VIEWCLUSTERSETTING system privilege. Allow or disallow a role to view the cluster settings with SHOW CLUSTER SETTING or to access the Cluster Settings page in the DB Console. By default, the role option is set to NOVIEWCLUSTERSETTING for all non-admin roles. |
VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED/NOVIEWACTIVITYREDACTED |
Deprecated in v22.2: Use the VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED system privilege. Allow or disallow a role to see other roles' queries and sessions using SHOW STATEMENTS, SHOW SESSIONS, and the Statements and Transactions pages in the DB Console. With VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED, a user will not have access to the usage of statements diagnostics bundle (which can contain PII information) in the DB Console, and will not be able to list queries containing constants for other users when using the listSessions endpoint through the Cluster API. It is possible to have both VIEWACTIVITY and VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED, and VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED takes precedence on restrictions. If the user has VIEWACTIVITY but doesn't have VIEWACTIVITYREDACTED, they will be able to see DB Console pages and have access to the statements diagnostics bundle. By default, the role option is set to NOVIEWACTIVITYREDACTED for all non-admin roles. |
Examples
Note:
The following statements are run by the root user that is a member of the admin role and has ALL privileges.
Change a user's password
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH PASSWORD 'An0ther$tr0nGpassW0rD' VALID UNTIL '2021-10-10';
Prevent a user from using password authentication
The following statement prevents the user from using password authentication and mandates certificate-based client authentication:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH PASSWORD NULL;
Allow a user to create other users and manage authentication methods for the new users
The following example allows the user to create other users and manage authentication methods for them:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH CREATEROLE CREATELOGIN;
Allow a user to create and rename databases
The following example allows the user to create or rename databases:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH CREATEDB;
Allow a user to pause, resume, and cancel non-admin jobs
The following example allows the user to pause, resume, and cancel jobs:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH CONTROLJOB;
Allow a user to see and cancel non-admin queries and sessions
The following example allows the user to cancel queries and sessions for other non-admin roles:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH CANCELQUERY VIEWACTIVITY;
Allow a user to control changefeeds
The following example allows the user to run CREATE CHANGEFEED:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH CONTROLCHANGEFEED;
Allow a user to modify cluster settings
The following example allows the user to modify cluster settings:
root@:26257/defaultdb> ALTER USER carl WITH MODIFYCLUSTERSETTING;
